• 1884:248 (F).
• Mount Ardjoeno, Java (LM)

Distribution

• Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam
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Synonyms

• innominata Stoker and Waktoedi
  • 1949:10 (A*; barbirostris ssp)
  • Type-loc: Celebes (LU)
  • Bonne-Wepster and Swellengrebel 1953:209 (as syn. of vanus)
  • Reid 1968:122 (syn.)

• martini Laveran
  • 1902a:907 (F).
  • Type-loc: near Pursat, Cambodia, Indochina (PIP)
  • Reid 1947:89 (syn.).

Bionomics

• Larvae found in open sunny to light shade habitats with all types of vegetation. Habitats include stream and river margins and pools, flowing and stagnant ditches, lakes, rice fields, temporary and permanent ground pools, seepage springs, animal footprints, canals, marshes, fish and rock pools. Adults zoophilic ( Harrison and Scanlon 1975).

Medical Importance

• Not a vector of human disease except perhaps in the Celebes.(Reid 1968.)

Additional References

• Christophers 1933:155 (M*, F*, P, L, E).
• Penn 1949b:12 (P*).
• Bonne-Wepster and Swellengrebel 1953:201 (M*, F*, L*).
• Reid 1962:7 (M, F*, P*, L, E*).
• Reid 1968:122 (M*, F*, P*, L*, E*).
• Aslamkhan 1971:147 (distr.).
• Ameen and Talukdar 1974c:92 (P*).
• Harrison and Scanlon 1975:83. (M*, F*, P*, L*; distr.).
• Lien, Kawengian, Partono, Lami and Cross 1977:72l (tax.).