Author
(Meigen)
- 1830b:241 (F; Culex)
- Berlin, Germany (MNHP)
Distribution
- Afghanistan, Algeria, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belize,
Bulgaria, Cambodia, Canada, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark,
Fiji, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, India,
Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kiribati, Laos, Libya, Malaysia,
Marshall Islands, Mexico, Micronesia, Federated States of Myanmar
(Burma), Netherlands, Norway, Pakistan, Palau, Philippines, Poland,
Romania, Russia, Samoa, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sweden, Taiwan, Thailand, Tonga, Turkey, United Kingdom, USA,
Vanuatu, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro),
New Caledonia, Mariana Islands, Tuvalu, New Caledonia (Loyalty
Islands), New Zealand (Tokelau), France (Wallis Islands)
-

Synonyms
- articulatus Rondani
- eruthrosops Theobald
- euochrus Howard, Dyar and Knab
- 1917:716
(F)
- Type-loc: Popcum, British Columbia, Canada (USNM)
- malariae Grassi
- 1898:168 (M; Culex)
- Type-loc: Italy (LU)
- minuta Theobald
- montcalmi Blanchard
- niger Theobald
- parvus Macquart
- sudanensis Theobald
- sylvestris Theobald
- 1901a:406 (M*, F*; Culex)
- Type-loc: Rondeau Provincial Park, Kent Co., and Lake Simcoe,
Ontario; Stony Mt., Manitoba, Canada (BM)
Bionomics
- Immatures are found in unshaded fresh water flood pools in
secondary scrub, but have also been collected in ditches, swamps,
rice fields, and elephant foot prints. Habitats usually have
little aquatic vegetation or algae. Females are night biters
and readily feed on man and cattle (Reinert 1973).
Medical Importance
- Vector of Dirofilaria immitis (Reinert 1973).
Additional References
- Barraud
1934:253 (M*, F, L)
- Natvig
1948:412 (M*,F,L*)
- Penn
1949b:60 (P*)
- Darsie
1951:13 (P*)
- Carpenter
and LaCasse 1955:263 (M*, F*, L*)
- Muspratt
1955:169 (M*, F, L; tax.)
- Horsfall
and Craig 1956:370 (E*)
- Price
1960:560 (lst stage L*)
- Hamon,
Maffi, Grenier, Ouedraogo and Djime 1966:373 (syn.)
- Horsfall,
Voorhees and Cupp 1970:1713 (E*)
- Pao and Knight 1970b:115 (L*)
- Belkin
and Heinemann 1971:27 (n. distr.)
- Aslamkhan
1971b:147 (distr.).
- Zharov 1973:11 (geogr. variation)
- Reinert
1973e:66 (M*, F*, P*, L*; world distr.)
- Bickley
1976:234 (distr., Alaska)
- Utrio
1976:129,135 (L*)