| |
|
|
Author: Say
1823:10
(A; as sp.)
Mississippi River, United States
(NE).
Distribution
Argentina, Australia, Bahama Islands, Brazil, Chile, China,
R. Congo, D. R. Congo, Cuba, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Madagascar,
Malawi, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Philippines, South Africa,
Sudan, Suriname, Trinidad, United Kingdom, United States
Synonyms
pungens
Wiedemann 1828:9 (F). Type-loc: New Orleans, [Louisiana, United
States] (NMW).
Belkin 1968b:19 (lectotype desig.).
fatigans
Wiedemann 1828:10 (M, F). Type-loc: East Indies [Indonesia]
(NMW).
Barraud 1934:420 (M*, F, L*).
Edwards 1941:316 (M*, F*),421
(P).
Lane 1953:344 (M*,
F*, P*, L*).
Dobrotworsky 1955b:41 (hybridization studies).
Stone 1956(1957), 342 (syn.).
Dobrotworsky 1965:215
(M*, F, L*).
Belkin 1968a:68 (lectotype desig.).
[The common usage of fatigans in preference to its senior synonyms, quinquefasciatus
and pungens, is still prevalent. This problem obviously merits an ICZN
solution.].
aestuans
Wiedemann 1828:11 (M, F). Type-loc: Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
(NMW).
Stone 1958a:186 (syn.).
Belkin 1968b:12 (tax.).
Belkin, Schick, and
Heinemann 1971:22 (type-loc. info.).
acer
Walker 1848:8 (F). Type-loc: New Zealand (BM).
cingulatus
Doleschall 1856:405 (A). Type-loc: Ambarawa, Java (LU).
Bionomics
Larvae can be found in bodies of water containing a high degree of organic pollution
and close to human habitation. Females readily enter houses at night and bite man in preference to other mammals
(Sirivanakarn 1976).
Medical Importance
This species is a vector of avian malaria, a primary vector of Wuchereria
bancrofti. Western equine encephalomyelitis and St. Louis encephalitis have
been isolated from this species and it has been implicated as a vector of dog
heartworm (Carpenter and LaCasse 1955, Sirivanakarn 1976).
Additional References
Darsie 1951:35 (P*).
Carpenter and LaCasse
1955:286 (M*, F*, L*).
Mattingly and Brown
1955:86 (syst.).
Bohart 1956(1957):77
(M*, F, L*).
Barr 1957a:153 (syst.).
Hara 1957:55 (F*).
Stone 1956(1957):342
(syst.).
Bohart and Washino
1957:463 (L*).
Belkin 1962a:195 (M*,
F, P*, L*; tax.).
Belkin, Schick, and
Heinemann 1966:4 (restriction of type-loc.).
Belkin, Heinemann,
and Page 1970:73 (M*, F, P*, L*; as species).
Belkin 1968a:68 (M,
F, P, L; tax.; distr.).
Barr 1976:347 (genetics).
White 1975:319 (tax.).
Sirivanakarn 1976:30
(M*, F*, P*, L*; as valid species).
Belkin 1977a:45 (nomenclatural
review).
Iglisch 1977:271 (M*). |
|
|
 |
| |
|
