WRBU: Culex sitiens

Author

Wiedemann
1828:542 (F)
Sumatra (ZMC)

Distribution

Australia, Bangladesh, Burma, Cameroon, Djibouti, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan (Ryukyu Is.), Kenya, Korea, Madagascar, Malaysia, Micronesia, Mozambique, New Guinea, Oman, Philippines, Santa Cruz Is., Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Socotra, South Pacific, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, P.D.R.Yemen, Yemen A.R.

Synonyms

impellens
- Walker 1859:91 (F)
- Type-loc: Makessar, Celebes (BM)
microannulatus
- Theobald 1901a:353 (M*, F*)
- Type-loc: Quilon, Travancore, Madras, and Shahjahanpur, [United] Provinces, [India] (BM)
bancroftii
- Theobald 1901a:367 (F*; as ssp.)
- Type-loc: Burpengary, Queensland, Australia (BM)
- Stone, Knight, and Starcke 1959:241 (syn.).
- Marks in Lee, Hicks, Debenham, Griffiths, Marks and Bryan 1989a:36 (from syn with annulirostris.)
gnophodes
- Theobald 1903c:163 (F)
- Type-loc: Bruas, Dindings, [Malaya] (BM)
somaliensis
- Neveu-Lemaire 1906:254 (M*, F*)
- Type-loc: Djibouti, French Somaliland (NE?)
nigricephala
- Leicester 1908:149 (M, F)
- Type-loc: Batu Gajah, [Perak], Malaya (NE)
salus
- Theobald 1908c:256 (M*, F*)
- Type-loc: Port Sudan, [Kassala],Sudan (BM)
mauritanicus
- Callot. 1940:362 (L*).
- Type-loc: Taghjicht, [Grand Atlas Region], Morocco (IPS)
- Harbach 1988:87 (lectotype desig.)
jepsoni
- Theobald 1910b:158 (F*)
- Type-loc: Suva, [Viti Levu], Fiji (BM)
saibaii
- Taylor 1912b:28 (F)
- Type-loc: Saibai Island, Torres Strait (ANIC)
- Lee, Hicks, Debenham, Griffiths, Marks and Bryan 1989a:225 (type info).
paludis
- Taylor 1913:56 (F; Culicelsa)
- Type-loc: Townsville, Queensland, Australia (ANIC)
- Lee, Hicks, Debenham, Griffiths, Marks and Bryan 1989a:225 (type info.)
annulata
- Taylor 1914c:689 (M, F*; Culicada)
- Type-loc: Townsville, Queensland, Australia (ANIC)
- Lee, Hicks, Debenham, Griffiths, Marks and Bryan 1989a:225 (type info.)
milni
- Taylor 1914d:196 (M*, F; Culicelsa annulirostris var.)
- Type-loc: Milne Bay, Papua, New Guinea (ANIC)
- Lee, Hicks, Debenham, Griffiths, Marks and Bryan 1989a:225 (type info.).
salinus
- Baisas 1938:204 (M*, F*, P*, L).
- Type-loc: Caloocan, Rizal, Luzon, Philippines (NE)

Bionomics

Larvae are found in brackish,salt and fresh groundwater habitats and some artifical containers in coastal areas
Females feed primarily on birds and pigs, but will bite man (Harbach 1988).

Medical Importance

Possible vector of Japanese B encephalitis. It has been found naturally infected with Brugia malayi in Thailand (Harbach 1988).

Additional References

Edwards 1941:296 (M*, F),417 (P)
Williams 1943:215 (F*, L*).
Bohart and Ingram 1946b:18(M*,L*; tax.)
Penn 1949b:80 (P*)
Yamaguti and LaCasse 1950:30 (M*, F*, L*)
Iyengar and Menon 1955:7 (M*, L*)
Mattingly and Knight 1956:104 (F, L; tax.)
Delfinado 1966a:151 (M*, F, L*; syn.)
Bram 1967b:239 (M*, F*, P*, L*).
Lofti 1970:401 (n. distr.)
Worth and de Meillon 1960:247 (distr.)
Maffi and Taylor 1974:207 (distr.)
Rickenbach, Eouzan, Ferrara and Bailly-Choumara 1976:96 (distr.)
Sirivanakarn 1976:95 (M*, F*, P*, L*; distr.)
Harbach 1988:87 (M, F, P*, L*)

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